/*
Copyright (c) 2012-2024 R. Danbrook
Copyright (c) 2020-2024 Rupert Carmichael
All rights reserved.

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
   contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
   this software without specific prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/

#include <filesystem>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>

#include "videomanager.h"
#include "logdriver.h"

#include "font.h"
#include "lodepng.h"

namespace {

jg_videoinfo_t *vidinfo{nullptr};
uint32_t *videobuf{nullptr};

struct osdtext {
    int xpos;
    int ypos;
    char textbuf[32];
    char timebuf[6];
    int drawtext;
    bool drawtime;
    bool bg;
} osdtext;

// Dimensions
struct _dimensions {
    int ww; int wh;
    float rw; float rh;
    float xo; float yo;
    float dpiscale;
} dimensions;

} // namespace

VideoRenderer::VideoRenderer(SettingManager& setmgr)
        : setmgr(setmgr) {
}

VideoRendererLegacy::VideoRendererLegacy(SettingManager& setmgr)
        : VideoRenderer(setmgr) {
    // Generate texture for raw game output
    glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
    glGenTextures(1, &gl_texture_id);
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gl_texture_id);

    // The full sized source image before any clipping
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA,
        vidinfo->wmax, vidinfo->hmax, 0, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
        videobuf);

    GLuint filter = setmgr.get_setting("v_postproc")->val ? GL_LINEAR : GL_NEAREST;

    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, filter);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, filter);

    // Ignore the empty alpha channel
    glEnable(GL_BLEND);
    glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_ONE);
}

VideoRendererLegacy::~VideoRendererLegacy() {
    if (gl_texture_id) {
        glDeleteTextures(1, &gl_texture_id);
    }
}

VideoRendererModern::VideoRendererModern(SettingManager& setmgr, const std::string ver)
        : VideoRenderer(setmgr), glslver(ver) {
    // Create Vertex Array Objects
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao[0]);
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao[1]);

    // Create Vertex Buffer Objects
    glGenBuffers(1, &vbo[0]);
    glGenBuffers(1, &vbo[1]);

    // Bind buffers for vertex buffer objects
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo[0]);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices),
        vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

    GLfloat vertices_out[] = {
        -1.0, -1.0, // Vertex 1 (X, Y) Left Bottom
        -1.0, 1.0,  // Vertex 2 (X, Y) Left Top
        1.0, -1.0,  // Vertex 3 (X, Y) Right Bottom
        1.0, 1.0,   // Vertex 4 (X, Y) Right Top
        0.0, 1.0,   // Texture 1 (X, Y) Left Bottom
        0.0, 0.0,   // Texture 2 (X, Y) Left Top
        1.0, 1.0,   // Texture 3 (X, Y) Right Bottom
        1.0, 0.0,   // Texture 4 (X, Y) Right Top
    };

    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo[1]);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices_out),
        vertices_out, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

    // Bind vertex array and specify layout for first pass
    glBindVertexArray(vao[0]);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo[0]);

    // Generate texture for raw game output
    glGenTextures(1, &tex[0]);
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex[0]);

    // The full sized source image before any clipping
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA,
        vidinfo->wmax, vidinfo->hmax, 0, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
        videobuf);

    // Create framebuffer
    glGenFramebuffers(1, &framebuf);
    glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, framebuf);

    // Create texture to hold colour buffer
    glGenTextures(1, &tex[1]);
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex[1]);

    // The framebuffer texture that is being rendered to offscreen, after clip
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA,
        vidinfo->w, vidinfo->h, 0, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL);

    glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D,
        tex[1], 0);

    // Ignore the empty alpha channel
    glEnable(GL_BLEND);
    glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_ONE);

    shader_setup();

    ogl_refresh();
}

VideoRendererModern::~VideoRendererModern() {
    if (gl_texture_id) {
        glDeleteTextures(1, &gl_texture_id);
    }

    if (framebuf) {
        glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &framebuf);
    }

    for (size_t i = 0; i < NUMPASSES; ++i) {
        if (shaderprog[i]) glDeleteProgram(shaderprog[i]);
        if (tex[i]) glDeleteTextures(1, &tex[i]);
        if (vao[i]) glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &vao[i]);
        if (vbo[i]) glDeleteBuffers(1, &vbo[i]);
    }
}

void VideoRendererLegacy::rehash(bool reset_shaders) {
    if (reset_shaders) {
        GLuint filter = setmgr.get_setting("v_postproc")->val ? GL_LINEAR : GL_NEAREST;
        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, filter);
        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, filter);
    }
}

void VideoRendererLegacy::ogl_refresh() {
    float top = (float)vidinfo->y / vidinfo->hmax;
    float bottom = 1.0 + top -
        ((vidinfo->hmax - (float)vidinfo->h) / vidinfo->hmax);
    float left = (float)vidinfo->x / vidinfo->wmax;
    float right = 1.0 + left -
        ((vidinfo->wmax -(float)vidinfo->w) / vidinfo->wmax);

    // Check if any vertices have changed since last time
    if (vertices[9] != top || vertices[11] != bottom
        || vertices[8] != left || vertices[12] != right) {
        vertices[9] = vertices[13] = top;
        vertices[11] = vertices[15] = bottom;
        vertices[8] = vertices[10] = left;
        vertices[12] = vertices[14] = right;
    }
}

void VideoRendererLegacy::ogl_render() {
    // OSD Text
    if (osdtext.drawtext) {
        text_draw(osdtext.textbuf, osdtext.xpos, osdtext.ypos, osdtext.bg);
        osdtext.drawtext--;
    }

    if (osdtext.drawtime) {
        text_draw(osdtext.timebuf, 208, 218, false);
    }

    ogl_refresh(); // Check for changes

    glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, vidinfo->p);

    // Viewport set to size of the output
    glViewport(dimensions.xo, dimensions.yo, dimensions.rw, dimensions.rh);

    // Clear the screen to black
    glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gl_texture_id);

    // Render if there is new pixel data, do Black Frame Insertion otherwise
    glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D,
            0,
            0, // xoffset
            0, // yoffset
            vidinfo->w + vidinfo->x, // width
            vidinfo->h + vidinfo->y, // height
            GL_BGRA, // format
            GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, // type
        videobuf);

    glBegin(GL_QUADS);
        glTexCoord2f(vertices[10], vertices[11]);
        glVertex2f(vertices[0], vertices[1]); // Bottom Left

        glTexCoord2f(vertices[8], vertices[9]);
        glVertex2f(vertices[2], vertices[3]); // Top Left

        glTexCoord2f(vertices[12], vertices[13]);
        glVertex2f(vertices[6], vertices[7]); // Top Right

        glTexCoord2f(vertices[14], vertices[15]);
        glVertex2f(vertices[4], vertices[5]); // Bottom Right
    glEnd();
}

void VideoRendererModern::rehash(bool reset_shaders) {
    if (reset_shaders) {
        shader_setup();
    }

    // Update uniforms for post-processing
    glUniform4f(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "sourceSize"),
        (float)vidinfo->w, (float)vidinfo->h,
        1.0/(float)vidinfo->w, 1.0/(float)vidinfo->h);
    glUniform4f(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "targetSize"),
        dimensions.rw, dimensions.rh,
        1.0/dimensions.rw, 1.0/dimensions.rh);
}

GLuint VideoRendererModern::shader_create(const std::string& vs, const std::string& fs) {
    // If the binary is run from the source directory, shader path is PWD
    std::string shaderpath{};
    if (std::filesystem::exists(std::filesystem::path{"shaders/default.vs"})) {
        shaderpath = std::string(std::getenv("PWD")) + "/shaders/";
    }
    else {
        shaderpath = std::string(NST_DATADIR) + "/shaders/";
    }

    auto shader_load = [this](const std::string filename) -> std::string {
        std::ifstream shader_file(filename);
        if (shader_file.is_open()) {
            std::stringstream buffer;
            buffer << shader_file.rdbuf();
            shader_file.close();
            return glslver + buffer.str();
        }
        return {};
    };

    std::string vssrc = shader_load(shaderpath + vs);
    const GLchar *vsrc = vssrc.c_str();

    std::string fssrc = shader_load(shaderpath + fs);
    const GLchar *fsrc = fssrc.c_str();

    // Create and compile the vertex shader
    GLuint vshader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
    glShaderSource(vshader, 1, &vsrc, NULL);
    glCompileShader(vshader);

    // Test if the shader compiled
    GLint err;
    glGetShaderiv(vshader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &err);
    if (err == GL_FALSE) {
        char shaderlog[1024];
        glGetShaderInfoLog(vshader, 1024, NULL, shaderlog);
        LogDriver::log(LogLevel::Warn, "Vertex shader: " + std::string(shaderlog));
    }

    // Create and compile the fragment shader
    GLuint fshader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
    glShaderSource(fshader, 1, &fsrc, NULL);
    glCompileShader(fshader);

    // Test if the fragment shader compiled
    glGetShaderiv(fshader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &err);
    if (err == GL_FALSE) {
        char shaderlog[1024];
        glGetShaderInfoLog(fshader, 1024, NULL, shaderlog);
        LogDriver::log(LogLevel::Warn, "Fragment shader: " + std::string(shaderlog));
    }

    // Create the shader program
    GLuint prog = glCreateProgram();
    glAttachShader(prog, vshader);
    glAttachShader(prog, fshader);
    glLinkProgram(prog);

    // Clean up fragment and vertex shaders
    glDeleteShader(vshader);
    glDeleteShader(fshader);

    // Return the successfully linked shader program
    return prog;
}

void VideoRendererModern::shader_setup(void) {
    for (size_t i = 0; i < NUMPASSES; ++i) {
        if (shaderprog[i]) {
            glDeleteProgram(shaderprog[i]);
        }
        texfilter[i] = GL_NEAREST;
    }

    // Create the shader program for the first pass (clipping)
    shaderprog[0] = shader_create("default.vs", "default.fs");

    GLint posattrib = glGetAttribLocation(shaderprog[0], "position");
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(posattrib);
    glVertexAttribPointer(posattrib, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0);

    GLint texattrib = glGetAttribLocation(shaderprog[0], "vtxCoord");
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(texattrib);
    glVertexAttribPointer(texattrib, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE,
                          0, (void*)(8 * sizeof(GLfloat)));

    // Set up uniform for input texture
    glUseProgram(shaderprog[0]);
    glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[0], "source"), 0);

    // Set up the post-processing shader
    switch (setmgr.get_setting("v_postproc")->val) {
        default: case 0: { // Nearest Neighbour
            shaderprog[1] = shader_create("default.vs", "default.fs");
            break;
        }
        case 1: { // Linear
            shaderprog[1] = shader_create("default.vs", "default.fs");
            texfilter[1] = GL_LINEAR;
            break;
        }
        case 2: { // Sharp Bilinear
            shaderprog[1] = shader_create("default.vs", "sharp-bilinear.fs");
            texfilter[0] = GL_LINEAR;
            texfilter[1] = GL_LINEAR;
            break;
        }
        case 3: { // CRTea
            shaderprog[1] = shader_create("default.vs", "crtea.fs");
            break;
        }
        case 4: { // MMPX
            shaderprog[1] = shader_create("default.vs", "mmpx.fs");
            break;
        }
        case 5: { // Omniscale
            shaderprog[1] = shader_create("default.vs", "omniscale.fs");
            break;
        }
    }

    // Set texture parameters for input texture
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex[0]);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, texfilter[0]);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, texfilter[0]);

    // Bind vertex array and specify layout for second pass
    glBindVertexArray(vao[1]);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo[1]);

    GLint posattrib_out = glGetAttribLocation(shaderprog[1], "position");
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(posattrib_out);
    glVertexAttribPointer(posattrib_out, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0);

    GLint texattrib_out = glGetAttribLocation(shaderprog[1], "vtxCoord");
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(texattrib_out);
    glVertexAttribPointer(texattrib_out, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE,
                          0, (void*)(8 * sizeof(GLfloat)));

    // Set up uniforms for post-processing texture
    glUseProgram(shaderprog[1]);

    glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "source"), 0);
    glUniform4f(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "sourceSize"),
                                     (float)vidinfo->w, (float)vidinfo->h,
                                     1.0/(float)vidinfo->w, 1.0/(float)vidinfo->h);
    glUniform4f(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "targetSize"),
                                     dimensions.rw, dimensions.rh,
                                     1.0/dimensions.rw, 1.0/dimensions.rh);

    // Settings for CRT
    glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "masktype"),
                setmgr.get_setting("s_crtmasktype")->val);
    glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "maskstr"),
                setmgr.get_setting("s_crtmaskstr")->val / 10.0);
    glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "scanstr"),
                setmgr.get_setting("s_crtscanstr")->val / 10.0);
    glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "sharpness"),
                float(setmgr.get_setting("s_crtsharp")->val));
    glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "curve"),
                setmgr.get_setting("s_crtcurve")->val / 100.0);
    glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "corner"),
                setmgr.get_setting("s_crtcorner")->val ?
                float(setmgr.get_setting("s_crtcorner")->val) : -3.0);
    glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "tcurve"),
                setmgr.get_setting("s_crttcurve")->val / 10.0);

    // Set parameters for output texture
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex[1]);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, texfilter[1]);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, texfilter[1]);
}

void VideoRendererModern::ogl_render() {
    // OSD Text
    if (osdtext.drawtext) {
        text_draw(osdtext.textbuf, osdtext.xpos, osdtext.ypos, osdtext.bg);
        osdtext.drawtext--;
    }

    if (osdtext.drawtime) {
        text_draw(osdtext.timebuf, 208, 218, false);
    }

    ogl_refresh(); // Check for changes

    // Viewport set to size of the input pixel array
    glViewport(0, 0, vidinfo->w, vidinfo->h);

    // Make sure first pass shader program is active
    glUseProgram(shaderprog[0]);

    // Bind user-created framebuffer and draw scene onto it
    glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, framebuf);
    glBindVertexArray(vao[0]);

    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex[0]);

    // Render if there is new pixel data, do Black Frame Insertion otherwise
    glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D,
            0,
            0, // xoffset
            0, // yoffset
            vidinfo->w + vidinfo->x, // width
            vidinfo->h + vidinfo->y, // height
            GL_BGRA, // format
            GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, // type
        videobuf);

    // Clear the screen to black
    glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

    // Draw a rectangle from the 2 triangles
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);

    // Now deal with the actual image to be output
    // Viewport adjusted for output
    glViewport(dimensions.xo, dimensions.yo, dimensions.rw, dimensions.rh);

    // Make sure second pass shader program is active
    glUseProgram(shaderprog[1]);

    // Bind default framebuffer and draw contents of user framebuffer
    glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
    glBindVertexArray(vao[1]);

    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex[1]);

    // Clear the screen to black again
    glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

    // Draw framebuffer contents
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);
}

void VideoRendererModern::ogl_refresh() {
    float top = (float)vidinfo->y / vidinfo->hmax;
    float bottom = 1.0 + top -
        ((vidinfo->hmax - (float)vidinfo->h) / vidinfo->hmax);
    float left = (float)vidinfo->x / vidinfo->wmax;
    float right = 1.0 + left -
        ((vidinfo->wmax -(float)vidinfo->w) / vidinfo->wmax);

    // Check if any vertices have changed since last time
    if (vertices[9] != top || vertices[11] != bottom
        || vertices[8] != left || vertices[12] != right) {
        vertices[9] = vertices[13] = top;
        vertices[11] = vertices[15] = bottom;
        vertices[8] = vertices[10] = left;
        vertices[12] = vertices[14] = right;
    }
    else {
        return;
    }

    // Bind the VAO/VBO for the offscreen texture, update with new vertex data
    glBindVertexArray(vao[0]);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo[0]);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

    // Resize the offscreen texture
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex[0]);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA,
        vidinfo->wmax, vidinfo->hmax, 0, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL);

    // Set row length
    glUseProgram(shaderprog[0]);
    glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, vidinfo->p);

    // Resize the output texture
    glUseProgram(shaderprog[1]);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex[1]);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA,
        vidinfo->w, vidinfo->h, 0, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL);

    // Update uniforms for post-processing
    glUniform4f(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "sourceSize"),
        (float)vidinfo->w, (float)vidinfo->h,
        1.0/(float)vidinfo->w, 1.0/(float)vidinfo->h);
    glUniform4f(glGetUniformLocation(shaderprog[1], "targetSize"),
        dimensions.rw, dimensions.rh,
        1.0/dimensions.rw, 1.0/dimensions.rh);
}

void VideoRenderer::text_print(const char *text, int xpos, int ypos, int seconds, bool bg) {
    snprintf(osdtext.textbuf, sizeof(osdtext.textbuf), "%s", text);
    osdtext.xpos = xpos;
    osdtext.ypos = ypos;
    osdtext.drawtext = seconds * 60; // FIXME frametime
    osdtext.bg = bg;
}

void VideoRenderer::text_print_time(const char *timebuf, bool drawtime) {
    snprintf(osdtext.timebuf, sizeof(osdtext.timebuf), "%s", timebuf);
    osdtext.drawtime = drawtime;
}

void VideoRenderer::text_draw(const char *text, int xpos, int ypos, bool bg) {
    // Draw text on screen
    uint32_t w = 0xc0c0c0c0; // "White", actually Grey
    uint32_t b = 0x00000000; // Black
    uint32_t g = 0x00358570; // Nestopia UE Green
    uint32_t d = 0x00255f65; // Nestopia UE Dark Green

    int numchars = strlen(text);

    int letterypos;
    int letterxpos;
    int letternum = 0;

    if (bg) { // Draw background borders
        for (int i = 0; i < numchars * 8; i++) { // Rows above and below
            videobuf[(xpos + i) + ((ypos - 1) * vidinfo->wmax)] = g;
            videobuf[(xpos + i) + ((ypos + 8) * vidinfo->wmax)] = g;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) { // Columns on both sides
            videobuf[(xpos - 1) + ((ypos + i) * vidinfo->wmax)] = g;
            videobuf[(xpos + (numchars * 8)) + ((ypos + i) * vidinfo->wmax)] = g;
        }
    }

    // FIXME this code is terrible
    for (int tpos = 0; tpos < (8 * numchars); tpos+=8) {
        text_match(text, &letterxpos, &letterypos, letternum);
        for (int row = 0; row < 8; row++) { // Draw Rows
            for (int col = 0; col < 8; col++) { // Draw Columns
                switch (nesfont[row + letterypos][col + letterxpos]) {
                    case '.':
                        videobuf[xpos + ((ypos + row) * vidinfo->wmax) + (col + tpos)] = w;
                        break;

                    case '+':
                        videobuf[xpos + ((ypos + row) * vidinfo->wmax) + (col + tpos)] = g;
                        break;

                    default:
                        if (bg) { videobuf[xpos + ((ypos + row) * vidinfo->wmax) + (col + tpos)] = d; }
                        break;
                }
            }
        }
        letternum++;
    }
}

void VideoRenderer::text_match(const char *text, int *xpos, int *ypos, int strpos) {
    // Match letters to draw on screen
    switch (text[strpos]) {
        case ' ': *xpos = 0; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '!': *xpos = 8; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '"': *xpos = 16; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '#': *xpos = 24; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '$': *xpos = 32; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '%': *xpos = 40; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '&': *xpos = 48; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '\'': *xpos = 56; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '(': *xpos = 64; *ypos = 0; break;
        case ')': *xpos = 72; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '*': *xpos = 80; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '+': *xpos = 88; *ypos = 0; break;
        case ',': *xpos = 96; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '-': *xpos = 104; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '.': *xpos = 112; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '/': *xpos = 120; *ypos = 0; break;
        case '0': *xpos = 0; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '1': *xpos = 8; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '2': *xpos = 16; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '3': *xpos = 24; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '4': *xpos = 32; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '5': *xpos = 40; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '6': *xpos = 48; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '7': *xpos = 56; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '8': *xpos = 64; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '9': *xpos = 72; *ypos = 8; break;
        case ':': *xpos = 80; *ypos = 8; break;
        case ';': *xpos = 88; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '<': *xpos = 96; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '=': *xpos = 104; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '>': *xpos = 112; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '?': *xpos = 120; *ypos = 8; break;
        case '@': *xpos = 0; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'A': *xpos = 8; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'B': *xpos = 16; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'C': *xpos = 24; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'D': *xpos = 32; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'E': *xpos = 40; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'F': *xpos = 48; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'G': *xpos = 56; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'H': *xpos = 64; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'I': *xpos = 72; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'J': *xpos = 80; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'K': *xpos = 88; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'L': *xpos = 96; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'M': *xpos = 104; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'N': *xpos = 112; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'O': *xpos = 120; *ypos = 16; break;
        case 'P': *xpos = 0; *ypos = 24; break;
        case 'Q': *xpos = 8; *ypos = 24; break;
        case 'R': *xpos = 16; *ypos = 24; break;
        case 'S': *xpos = 24; *ypos = 24; break;
        case 'T': *xpos = 32; *ypos = 24; break;
        case 'U': *xpos = 40; *ypos = 24; break;
        case 'V': *xpos = 48; *ypos = 24; break;
        case 'W': *xpos = 56; *ypos = 24; break;
        case 'X': *xpos = 64; *ypos = 24; break;
        case 'Y': *xpos = 72; *ypos = 24; break;
        case 'Z': *xpos = 80; *ypos = 24; break;
        case '[': *xpos = 88; *ypos = 24; break;
        case '\\': *xpos = 96; *ypos = 24; break;
        case ']': *xpos = 104; *ypos = 24; break;
        case '^': *xpos = 112; *ypos = 24; break;
        case '_': *xpos = 120; *ypos = 24; break;
        case '`': *xpos = 0; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'a': *xpos = 8; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'b': *xpos = 16; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'c': *xpos = 24; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'd': *xpos = 32; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'e': *xpos = 40; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'f': *xpos = 48; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'g': *xpos = 56; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'h': *xpos = 64; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'i': *xpos = 72; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'j': *xpos = 80; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'k': *xpos = 88; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'l': *xpos = 96; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'm': *xpos = 104; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'n': *xpos = 112; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'o': *xpos = 120; *ypos = 32; break;
        case 'p': *xpos = 0; *ypos = 40; break;
        case 'q': *xpos = 8; *ypos = 40; break;
        case 'r': *xpos = 16; *ypos = 40; break;
        case 's': *xpos = 24; *ypos = 40; break;
        case 't': *xpos = 32; *ypos = 40; break;
        case 'u': *xpos = 40; *ypos = 40; break;
        case 'v': *xpos = 48; *ypos = 40; break;
        case 'w': *xpos = 56; *ypos = 40; break;
        case 'x': *xpos = 64; *ypos = 40; break;
        case 'y': *xpos = 72; *ypos = 40; break;
        case 'z': *xpos = 80; *ypos = 40; break;
        case '{': *xpos = 88; *ypos = 40; break;
        case '|': *xpos = 96; *ypos = 40; break;
        case '}': *xpos = 104; *ypos = 40; break;
        case '~': *xpos = 112; *ypos = 40; break;
        //case ' ': *xpos = 120; *ypos = 40; break; // Triangle
        default: *xpos = 0; *ypos = 0; break;
    }
}

void VideoRenderer::get_pixeldata(std::vector<uint8_t>& pixels) {
    int w = dimensions.rw;
    int h = dimensions.rh;

    // Remove any on-screen text before grabbing pixel data
    int drawtext = osdtext.drawtext;
    bool drawtime = osdtext.drawtime;
    osdtext.drawtext = osdtext.drawtime = 0;
    ogl_render();
    glReadPixels(0, 0, w, h, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, pixels.data());

    // Put any text back on screen
    osdtext.drawtext = drawtext;
    osdtext.drawtime = drawtime;


    // Flip the image
    for (int line = 0; line != h / 2; ++line) {
        std::swap_ranges(pixels.begin() + sizeof(uint32_t) * w * line,
                         pixels.begin() + sizeof(uint32_t) * w * (line + 1),
                         pixels.begin() + sizeof(uint32_t) * w * (h - line - 1));
    }
}

VideoManager::VideoManager(JGManager& jgm, SettingManager& setmgr)
        : jgm(jgm), setmgr(setmgr) {
    // Initialize video
    vidinfo = jg_get_videoinfo();

    videobuf = (uint32_t*)calloc(1, vidinfo->hmax * vidinfo->wmax * sizeof(uint32_t));
    vidinfo->buf = (void*)&videobuf[0];
}

VideoManager::~VideoManager() {
    if (videobuf) {
        free(videobuf);
    }
}

void VideoManager::renderer_init() {
    if (setmgr.get_setting("v_renderer")->val) {
        renderer = new VideoRendererLegacy(setmgr);
        LogDriver::log(LogLevel::Debug, "Renderer: Legacy OpenGL");
    }
    else {
        const std::string ver_core{"#version 140\n"};
        const std::string ver_es{"#version 300 es\n"};

        // Build a test vertex shader to check version compatibility
        auto shadertest = [](const std::string ver) -> bool {
            GLuint nullshader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
            std::string nullsrc = ver + "void main() {}\n";
            const char *c_str = nullsrc.c_str();

            glShaderSource(nullshader, 1, &c_str, NULL);
            glCompileShader(nullshader);

            GLint err;
            glGetShaderiv(nullshader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &err);
            glDeleteShader(nullshader);

            return err != GL_FALSE;
        };

        if (shadertest(ver_core)) {
            renderer = new VideoRendererModern(setmgr, ver_core);
            LogDriver::log(LogLevel::Debug, "Renderer: OpenGL 3.1");
        }
        else if (shadertest(ver_es)) {
            renderer = new VideoRendererModern(setmgr, ver_es);
            LogDriver::log(LogLevel::Debug, "Renderer: OpenGL ES 3.0");
        }
        else {
            renderer = new VideoRendererLegacy(setmgr);
            LogDriver::log(LogLevel::Warn, "Renderer: Legacy OpenGL (Fallback)");
        }
    }
}

void VideoManager::renderer_deinit() {
    if (renderer) {
        delete renderer;
        renderer = nullptr;
    }
}

void VideoManager::render() {
    renderer->ogl_render();
}

void VideoManager::get_dimensions(int *w, int *h) {
    *w = dimensions.rw;
    *h = dimensions.rh;
}

void VideoManager::set_dimensions() {
    // Try to guess the correct video parameters if no game is loaded
    if (!jgm.is_loaded()) {
        int t = jgm.get_setting("overscan_t")->val;
        int b = jgm.get_setting("overscan_b")->val;
        int l = jgm.get_setting("overscan_l")->val;
        int r = jgm.get_setting("overscan_r")->val;

        vidinfo->w = vidinfo->w - (l + r);
        vidinfo->h = vidinfo->h - (t + b);
        vidinfo->x = l;
        vidinfo->y = t;
        vidinfo->aspect = (vidinfo->w * 8.0 / 7.0) / vidinfo->h; // NTSC
    }

    set_aspect();

    int scale = setmgr.get_setting("v_scale")->val;
    dimensions.ww = (aspect * vidinfo->h * scale) + 0.5;
    dimensions.wh = (vidinfo->h * scale) + 0.5;
    dimensions.rw = dimensions.ww;
    dimensions.rh = dimensions.wh;
    dimensions.dpiscale = 1.0;
}

void VideoManager::set_dpiscale(float dpiscale) {
    dimensions.dpiscale = dpiscale;
}

// FIXME maybe use std::tuple here
void VideoManager::get_scaled_coords(int x, int y, int *xcoord, int *ycoord) {
    float xscale = dimensions.rw / (vidinfo->aspect * vidinfo->h) / dimensions.dpiscale;
    float yscale = dimensions.rh / vidinfo->h / dimensions.dpiscale;
    float xo = dimensions.xo / dimensions.dpiscale;
    float yo = dimensions.yo / dimensions.dpiscale;
    *xcoord = (x - xo) / ((vidinfo->aspect * vidinfo->h * xscale)/(float)vidinfo->w);
    *ycoord = ((y - yo) / yscale) + vidinfo->y;
}

void VideoManager::rehash(bool reset_shaders) {
    renderer->rehash(reset_shaders);

    set_aspect();
    dimensions.rw = dimensions.ww;
    dimensions.rh = dimensions.wh;

    // Check which dimension to optimize
    if (dimensions.rh * aspect > dimensions.rw) {
        dimensions.rh = dimensions.rw / aspect + 0.5;
    }
    else if (dimensions.rw / aspect > dimensions.rh) {
        dimensions.rw = dimensions.rh * aspect + 0.5;
    }

    // Store X and Y offsets
    dimensions.xo = (dimensions.ww - dimensions.rw) / 2;
    dimensions.yo = (dimensions.wh - dimensions.rh) / 2;
}

void VideoManager::resize(int w, int h) {
    if (!renderer) {
        return;
    }
    dimensions.ww = w * dimensions.dpiscale;
    dimensions.wh = h * dimensions.dpiscale;
    rehash();
}

void VideoManager::set_aspect() {
    switch (setmgr.get_setting("v_aspect")->val) {
        case 0:
            aspect = vidinfo->aspect;
            break;
        case 1:
            if (jgm.get_setting("ntsc_filter")->val) {
                aspect = 301/(double)vidinfo->h;
            }
            else {
                aspect = vidinfo->w/(double)vidinfo->h;
            }
            break;
        case 2:
            aspect = 4.0/3.0;
            break;
        case 3:
            aspect = 5.0/4.0;
            break;
        default: break;
    }
}

void VideoManager::screenshot(std::string& filename) {
    int w = dimensions.rw;
    int h = dimensions.rh;
    std::vector<uint8_t> pixels(sizeof(uint32_t) * w * h);
    renderer->get_pixeldata(pixels);
    lodepng_encode32_file(filename.c_str(), pixels.data(), w, h);
}